self-reference effect misinformation effect (loftus) morpheme/phoneme syntax/semantics linguistic determinism (whorf) universal grammar (chomsky) aphasia acronym flashbulb memory confirmation bias testing effect spacing effect heuristics (availability v. representativeness) short-term memory long-term memory belief perseverance context effect prototype concept/category automatic processing v. effortful processing (also: consciousness level involved) parallel processing encoding/storage/retrieval mnemonics ebbinghaus' forgetting curve (rehearsal) 7 /- 2 echoic v. iconic memory overconfidence serial position chunking retroactive v. proactive interference repression working memory creativity (sternberg) mood-congruent memory convergent v. divergent thinking algorithms explicit v. implicit memory parts of the brain involved in memory (hippocampus; cerebellum; amygdala; basal ganglia) ltp semantic encoding memory framing broca's v. wernicke's