5. This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmission delay, two central concepts in data networking. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. host A is to send a packet of size L bits to host B.
(a) Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.
(b) Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.
(c) Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.
(d) Suppose host A begins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = dtrans , where is the last bit of the packet? 1
(e) Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans . At time t = dtrans , where is the rst bit of the packet?
(f) Suppose dprop is less than dtrans . At time t = dtrans, where is the rst bit of the packet?
(g) Suppose s = 2.5 × 108 ,L = 1500 bytes, and R = 10 Mbps. Find the distance m so that dprop equals dtrans.