Managers can pursue any of several strategic approaches to reduce the costs of internally performed value chain activities and improve a company's cost competitiveness by

A. investing in productivity-enhancing, cost-saving technological improvements.
B. outsourcing internally performed activities to those able to perform the activities at a lower cost.
C. implementing the use of best practices, particularly for high-cost activities.
D. eliminating some cost-producing activities from the value chain, especially low value-added activities.
E. All of these choices are correct.