The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with end-stage heart failure (HF). The family members are distressed about the client's impending death. Which action should the nurse take initially?
a) Explain the stages of death and dying to the family.
b) Recommend an easy-to-read book on grief.
c) Ask about the family's religious affiliation and practices.
d) Explore the family's past patterns for dealing with death.