Mr. Johnson teaches a class of twenty 8-year-old third graders. His goal for the upcoming school year is to help at least 50% of his students reach formal operations. From the perspective of Piaget's theory, we would expect that Mr. Johnson's goal is:
1) an easy one to attain
2) almost impossible to attain
3) attainable only if he emphasizes abstract reasoning throughout the school year
4) attainable only if his students have had enriching educational experiences throughout their early lives