Which of the following conclusions best supports the claim that Christianity became isolated in Africa to almost exclusively Ethiopia after the fourth century?
a.
The establishment of carved-rock churches in the twelfth century reflected pre-Christian values and traditional Ethiopian religion from the 2nd or 3rd millennium BCE.
b.
While Ethiopian Christianity retained fundamental Christian theology, it increasingly reflected the interests of its African devotees, including the belief in evil spirits populating the world and the carrying of amulets and charms for protection.
c.
Islam became increasingly appealing to ruling elites and merchants in Sub-Saharan west Africa as well as the coastal east.
d.
Even after the Portuguese established trade routes via east Africa en route to India, the region experienced greater Muslim influence.