Give examples of adaptations to the physical environment of the rocky intertidal
A) The development of strong adhesive structures, like byssal threads in mussels, to anchor organisms to rocks and withstand strong waves and currents.
B) The evolution of thick, protective shells in snails and limpets to prevent desiccation during low tide and to withstand impacts from waves and predators.
C) The ability of certain algae and barnacles to secrete calcium carbonate to form hard structures, such as fronds and shells, for protection against wave action and predation.
D) Behavioral adaptations, such as the ability of some species to retreat into crevices or under rocks during low tide to avoid desiccation and predation, while emerging to feed during high tide.