Fall of communism in Eastern European nations followed by reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev
The control of all aspects of private and public lives by the Soviet government made the collapse of the Soviet Union inevitable, and Gorbachev’s reforms only emboldened the public to demand further changes in the political structure of the Soviet government. Ultimately, his reforms only speeded up the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Further Explanation-
After the end of the Second World War, communism spread to several countries of Eastern Europe and East Germany. The communist political structures involved the abolition of private property, close control of public and private life and total government surveillance. On the other hand, the economy was centralized, and contact with western democratic nations was discouraged. Moreover, all communist nations had to be members of the Warsaw Pact, which was headed by the USSR. The Western nations took advantage of the post-war economy and modernized their industries with technological reform. The communist nations of Eastern Europe were inspired by this and wanted modernization and reforms, and opposed the one-party rule of the Soviets. Throughout all nations of Eastern Europe, such as Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Romania, the communist governments were overthrown. The demand for reforms and wave of revolutions reached the USSR, where the people wanted access to the market economy, modernization, and foreign trade. The Soviet public wanted decentralization and trade with western nations. There was a threat of revolution, and President Gorbachev did not conform to the hardliner policies of the Soviet Union. He introduced reforms such as freedom of the press and granted civil liberties to citizens. However, this could not stop the fall of communism in Eastern Europe.
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Answer Details-
Grade- High School
Chapter- The fall of communism in Eastern Europe
Subject- History
Keywords-
Communism, political party, ideology, civil reforms, modernization, foreign trade, hardliner policies.
