Most African countries did not have functional governments before European colonization is the factor most contributed to African countries failure. Hence, option B is correct.
What makes a government functional?
A government is a structure in which elected officials can enact and execute laws.
The fundamental duties of a government include exercising leadership, upholding law and order, rendering public services, ensuring national security, economic security, and economic assistance.
A. European states were supported by African citizens who largely opposed their own leaders.
B. Most African countries did not have functional governments before European colonization.
C. Rapid industrialization led to social disruptions and devastating disease epidemics in Africa.
D. The Atlantic slave trade reduced African populations and weakened African militaries.
Thus, option B is correct.
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