The answer is "standardized tests".
In 2002, president George W. Bush and congress passed the No Child Left Behind Act. There has been much level headed discussion from that point forward with regards to the adequacy of No Child Left Behind, especially on the regulating of standardized tests and their capacity to assess students and instructors. I contend that government sanctioned tests constrain how we see students as intelligent, shield us from instructing them in a balanced way, and is hasn't generally accomplish what is was set to do nor helped instructors or administrators think of an answer in how to close accomplishment gaps.