1. Which two European countries controlled a large part of the territory in Africa?
France and Britain. Such domains were set in the Berlin Conference where most of Africa was split into colonies. France and Britain got the biggest part of the territory, while other European countries (Germany, Portugal, Italy, Spain, and Belgium) got smaller pieces of it.
2. What was the Berlin Conference and why weren't the leaders of African nations not invited to attend?
The Berlin Conference (1884–85) was a conference in which European nations, and the U.S., rallied to agree on divisions and rules colonization of Africa's territories. Free trade among the colonies and a framework for negotiating future European claims in Africa were established.
None of the Africans leaders were invited to attend in the dispute of land, and none of the tribe's cultural and linguistic boundaries already established were taken into consideration when splitting the lands. This was so, mainly because the European believed that African people were different, inferior and uncivilized because they didn't have industrial towns nor technology like them, and therefore Europeans considered themselves the ones who deserved to rule.
3. What was the Boer War and what countries fought and why?
It was a war in South Africa (From October 11th, 1899 through May 31st, 1902), between Britain and the two Boer republics: The South African Republic and the Orange Free State.
Even though the precise causes of the war are still argued between historians, they agreed two main causes consisted of gaining control over the largest gold-mining complex in the world "W"*, and that Britain claimed they were defending their sovereignty over the South African Republic.
4. Name the seven countries that were involved in the "Scramble for Africa"
Italy, Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Portugal and Belgium.
5. Name the person from Europe who was an explorer and missionary in Africa for many years
David Livingstone, a Scottish who crossed the continent from west to east during the mid-19th century. He arrived South Africa on March 1841 and concluded his trip in 1856 in what now is Mozambique.
6. Which European country had control of the majority of the western part of Africa?
France: From Mauritania to Chad (French West Africa) and Gabon and the Republic of Congo (French Equatorial Africa).
7. Name the sea that is in the northern part of the continent of Africa
Mediterranean Sea.
8. Which two oceans are located on the western and Southeastern side of the continent of Africa?
Western: Atlantic Ocean. Southeastern: Indian Ocean.
9. List at least four natural resources that Africa had.
Africa was, and is still, rich in precious minerals such as diamond, gold, nickel, uranium, and titanium.
10. Name the canal that belonged to Egypt and was controlled by Great Britain.
The Suez Canal
By the time the canal opened, in November 1869, Egypt had 44% of its shares. However, due to its newly acquired massive debts, he decided to sell the shares by the mid-1870s. Britain, who had been the one that most used the canal, bought Egypt's shareholding for £4 million.
*Note: the word "W"* stands for the name of the gold-mining complex, but I can't type the whole word because Brainly qualifies it as a "bad word"*
