1) Answer is: c. gas.
The state of matter depends on the kinetic energy of the particles of matter.
The average kinetic energy of molecules depends on the temperature.
As temperature increases, molecules gain more energy from surrounding and move faster.
Kinetic energy (standard unit is the joule J) depends on speed of the molecule.
2) Answer is: d. plasma.
Plasma is a an ionised gas with highly electrical conductivity.
It is an electrically neutral with positive and negative particles. Â
Plasma may be the most abundant form of matter in the universe. Â
Plasma was first described by chemist Irving Langmuir. Â
3) Answer is: d. gas and liquid.
In solid, molecules are closely packed, stiff and do not changes of shape or volume. Solid object (for example iron) does not take on the shape of its container. Â
Liquids have definite volume, but no fixed shape. Â
Gases (for example nitrogen and neon) not have definite volume and fixed shape, it depends on its container. Â
4) Answer is: a. helium.
Helium (He) is noble gas.
Noble gases are in group 18: helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe) and radon (Rn). They have very low chemical reactivity.
Helium has atomic number 2, it has 2 protons and 2 electrons.
Electron configuration of helium atom: ₂He 1s².
Other substances in this example are solid and liquid state of matter.
5) Answer is: b. Its particles can move past and bump into each other.
Liquids flow and take the shape of their containers.
The attractive forces in liquids are weaker than those in solids.
For example, chemical compound water (Hâ‚‚O) is liquid. Molecules of water are not rigid as in solid state (ice) and can move. Molecules move through out the container.
6) Answer is: c. It can take the shape of its container.
Gases do not have definite volume and fixed shape, it depends on its container. Â
Liquids has larger densities than gases, because atoms or molecules in liquids are much more closer to each other than in the gases, that is because molecules in liquids have stronger intermolecular forces and therefore stronger interactions.
Its particles are not held in plase, the particles are far apart and move freely.
7) Answer is: d. Its shape is not fixed.
Plasma is a state of matter that resembles a gas, it lacks a fixed volume and shape.
Plasma can conduct electricity and has magnetic properties.
There are four fundamental states of matter (gas, liquid, solid and plasma).
Plasma can be artificially made by heating a neutral gas to a strong electromagnetic field.
