1. The milk fortification program was instituted to:
A. reduce osteomalacia due to vitamin D deficiency.
B. increase milk shelf-life by adding vitamin E.
C. reduce blindness due to vitamin A deficiency.
D. prevent hemorrhaging in infants due to vitamin K deficiency.
E. reduce rickets due to vitamin D deficiency.

Milk fortification is a method that is used for improving the quality of milk by adding extra beneficial minerals and vitamins. Vitamin A, Vitamin D3 and palmitate are added for fortification.

The correct option is:

Option E. Reduce rickets due to vitamin D deficiency.

It can be explained as:

Vitamin D is crucial in bone and tooth development.

Vitamin D has to be taken from outside sources and milk is the best source for it.

Micronutrients are added to enrich the milk quality for nourishment and development purposes.

Deficiency in Vitamin D in the body causes diseases like rickets in which the bones get distorted and soften causing bow legs.

Therefore, to reduce the risk of rickets milk were fortified.

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