1) Lithium and fluorine:
Ionic charges: lithium cation Liāŗ and fluorine anion Fā».
Chemical formula LiF.
In ionic salt lithium fluoride (LiF), fluorine has electronegativity approximately Ļ = 4 and lithium Ļ = 1 (ĪĻ = 4 - 1; ĪĻ = 3).
Fluorine attracts electron and it has negative charge and lithium has positive charge.
2) Beryllium and oxygen:
Ionic charges cation BeĀ²āŗ and anion OĀ²ā».
Chemical formula is BeO.
Beryllium is metal from group 2 and oxygen is nonmetal from group 16.
Electron configuration of beryllium: āBe: 1sĀ² 2sĀ², it has two valence electrons in 2s orbital.
Beryllium lose two electrons and to gain electron configuration as noble gas helium (He).
Electron configuration of oxygen atom: āO 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā“.
Oxygen gain two valence electron to form anion with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
3) Magnesium and fluorine: Ā
Ionic charges cation MgĀ²āŗ and anion Fā».
Chemical formula is MgFā.
Magnesium fluoride (MgFā) is salt, ionic compound. Ā
Magnesium (Mg) is metal from 2. group of Periodic table of elements and has low ionisation energy and electronegativity, which means it easily lose valence electons (two valence electrons). Ā
Magnesium has atomic number 12, which means it has 12 protons and 12 electrons. It lost two electrons to form magnesium cation (MgĀ²āŗ) with stable electron configuration like closest noble gas neon (Ne) with 10 electrons. Ā
Fluorine (F) is nonmetal with greatest electronegativity, which means it easily gain electrons. Ā
Fluorine has atomic number 9, which means it has 9 protons and 9 electrons. It gain one electron to form fluorine anion (Fā») with stable electron configuration like closest noble gas neon (Ne) with 10 electrons. Ā
4) Aluminum and chlorine: Ā
Ionic charges cation AlĀ³āŗ and anion Clā».
Chemical formula is AlClā.
The right name for AlClā is aluminium chloride.
Aluminium chloride is a salt with ionic bonds.
Aluminium (metal from group 13) has oxidation number +3 and chlorine (nonmetal from group 17) has oxidation number -1, chemical compound has neutral charge (+3 + 3 Ā· (-1) = 0).
5) Beryllium and nitrogen: Ā
Ionic charges cation BeĀ²āŗ and anion NĀ³ā».
Chemical formula is BeāNā.
Atomic number of nitrogen is 7, it has 7 protons and 7 electrons.
Electron configuration of nitrogen atom: āN 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pĀ³.
Nitrogen gain three electrons to form anion with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
