Select all that apply. Select all the correct statements about ion sizes below. Check all that apply. Au3+ is smaller than Au+ As3− is smaller than P3−. Au+ is smaller than Au3+. Na+ is smaller than K+. P3− is smaller than As3−. K+ is smaller than Na+.

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24-04-2016
Biology

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Select all that apply. Select all the correct statements about ion sizes below. Check all that apply. Au3+ is smaller than Au+ As3− is smaller than P3−. Au+ is smaller than Au3+. Na+ is smaller than K+. P3− is smaller than As3−. K+ is smaller than Na+.

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JcAlmighty JcAlmighty · Answer 1 · 2016-04-30T23:54:30+02:00

The answer is:
1. Au3+ is smaller than Au+
2. P3− is smaller than As3−
3. Na+ is smaller than K+

1. Au3+ is smaller than Au+ because an atoms get smaller when electrons are removed. So, the more electrons, the greater is the ionic radius. Au3+ has two less electrons than Au+ so Au3+ must be smaller than Au+.
2. P3- is smaller than As3- because P3- has a smaller ionic radius. Although these two ions have the sam number of electrons, they are not the same size. As is located below P in the Periodic table of elements. Going down the group of elements, extra layers of electrons are added resulting in bigger ionic radius. So, As3- has bigger ionic radius than P3-.
3. Na+ is smaller than K+ for the same reason as the P3- is smaller than As3-. Na is located above K in the Periodic table of elements.