Answer:
Ion
Ion is a charged particle.
A neutral atom contains equal number of positive protons and negative electrons
When an electron is lost or gained the atom becomes a charged particle which is called as an ION.
For example
Na is an atom which contains 11 electrons and 11 protons(= to atomic number)
When Na loses an electron it will have 11 positive proton and 10 negative electron and Thus, Na will become [tex]Na^+[/tex], a charge particle which we call it as sodium ion.
Cl is an atom which contains 17 electrons and 17 protons(= to atomic number)
When Cl loses an electron it will have 17 positive proton and 18 negative electron and Thus, Cl will become [tex]Cl^-[/tex], a charge particle which we call it as chloride ion.
When an ion is positively charged it is called as a cation
When an ion is negatively charged it is called as an anion.
Salt is formed when an acid reacts with a base.
The cation of the base combines with the anion of the acid to form the salt.
[tex]$Acid+Base>Salt+water[/tex]
HCl is acid and NaOH is a base forms salt NaCl and water.
[tex]Cl^-[/tex] is an anion of the acid and [tex]Na^+[/tex] is the cation of the base combines to form NaCl salt .
[tex]H^+[/tex]and [tex]OH^-[/tex] combines to form [tex]H_2 O[/tex]
