Respuesta :
Answer:
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process takes place in the mitochondria and is used to fuel the synthesis of ATP.
Explanation:
ATP is the molecule that is the driving energy force behind cellular activities. Our cells need a constant supply of ATP for performing any kinds of functions.
Oxidative phosphorylation can be described as a series of mechanisms whose end product is the generation of energy molecules i.e ATP. The phenomenon takes place in both plants as well as animals. The site for the mechanism is the mitochondria. A series of energy transformation reactions takes place for the oxidative phosphorylation to occur.
Oxidative phosphorylation
Further Explanation
Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway by the use of energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to produce ATP, and reducing oxygen gas to water.
The energy released from the oxidation reaction in the electron donor substrate, both in aerobic and anaerobic respiration, will slowly be stored in the form of an electrochemical potential along the periphery of the membrane where the reaction occurs, which can then be used by ATP synthase to induce the phosphorylation reaction of the adenosine diphosphate molecule by the Pi molecule.
Electrons attached to side molecules in complex IV of the electron transport chain will be used by complex V to attract H + ions from the cytoplasm to the outer mitochondrial membrane, called chemiosmotic coupling, which causes chemiosmosis, which is the diffusion of H + ions through ATP synthase into the mitochondria that is opposite to the pH gradient direction, from the area with lower electrochemical potential energy to the matrix with higher potential energy. The energy produced is very efficient, that is, about thirty ATP molecules are produced for each glucose molecule that is oxidized, whereas in the process of glycolysis only two ATP molecules are produced. The process of energy formation or known as oxidative phosphorylation consists of five stages of enzymatic reactions involving enzyme complexes found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The process of ATP formation involves the electron transport process with the help of four enzyme complexes, consisting of complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), complex III (coenzyme Q - cytochrome C reductase), complex IV (cytochrome oxidase), and also complex with the help of FoF1 ATP Synthase and Adenine Nucleotide Translocator (ANT).
The starting path starts with electrons produced by the citric acid cycle which are transferred to compounds:
- The NAD + is inside the mitochondrial matrix. After receiving electrons, NAD + will react to NADH and H + ions, then donate electrons to the complex electron transport chain I.
- and FAD that is in the complex electron transport chain II.
- FAD will accept two electrons, then react to FADH2 through a redox reaction.
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Oxidative phosphorylation https://brainly.com/question/13590284
Details
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
keywords: Oxidative phosphorylation, ATP, mitochondria.
