Respuesta :
Answer: TRUE
Explanation: Everything is the nature wants to attain a stable configuration, for making a stable thing into an unstable state we require energy and the greater the instability, the greater is the required energy.
In this case we're concerned about an element from which we remove the electrons.
The first ionization energy is the energy required to remove one mole of the most loosely held electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce 1 mole of gaseous ions each with a charge of +1.
The process of ionization takes place in a sequence, i.e. firstly, the electrons from the outermost are removed because they are farthest from the nucleus which contains positively charged protons and so they have the least force of attraction towards the center of the atom.
Factors affecting the ionization energy are :
- The charge on the nucleus. More no. of protons in the nucleus makes the nucleus more positively charged and thus the attraction force on electrons (which are always negatively charged) is more.
- The distance of the electron from the nucleus. Electrostatic force of attraction decreases rapidly with increase in distance between the charges.
- The number of electrons between the outer electrons and the nucleus. The inner electrons act as a shield towards the nucleus for the outermost electron and hence neutralize the force of attraction towards the nucleus for the valence electron by the repulsion of the inner electrons. This effect is called screening or shielding effect.
- Whether the electron is on its own in an orbital or paired with another electron. Two electrons in the same orbital i.e. paired electrons experience a bit of repulsion from each other. This dissipates the attraction towards the nucleus, so that paired electrons are removed rather more easily than the unpaired ones.
Therefore, when we have a cation (+ charged ion) which is already an electron deficient and has a tendency to gain electron but we try to remove an electron from it which needs more energy.
The first inner electron held very tightly by the protons present in the nucleus of an atom.
The statement is true because the orbit that are nearer to the nucleus having electrons of lower energies as well as held tightly by the attractive force of protons present in the nucleus. The electrons present in the outermost shell removes easily due to large distance from the nucleus which causes weak attractive forces.
While on the other hand, those electrons which are present in the very first shells of the atom are harder to remove due to lower energies as well as held very tightly by the nucleus of that atom so we can conclude that the statement is considered true.
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