If we have an isotope of the element carbon (C) that has the mass number of 14, the other information that would help us to determine the number of neutrons is atomic number.
Explanation:
Mass number also known as atomic mass is the sum of number of proton and number of neutrons in an atom. An atom may have different number of neutrons in its nuclei but fixed number of protons. So, mass number of different isotopes of an atom is different. While atomic number is the number of electrons or protons in an atom. An atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Atomic number of an atom is fixed.
Carbon atom has 6 electrons and 6 protons, So atomic number of carbon is 6. As mass number is the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons and there is 6 protons in carbon 14 isotope. So, number of neutrons in carbon 14 isotope is,
number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons
number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number
number of neutrons = 14 - 6
number of neutrons = 8
So we need atomic number to determine number of neutrons.
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