Answer:
The correct option is B) ultraviolet region, especially below a wavelength of 320 nm.
Explanation:
Ultraviolet light carries an enormous amount of energy in it. It is invisible to the human eye. When UV light with enormous energy and wavelength lesser than 320nm, hits the DNA, it causes changes in the structure of the DNA. Mostly, it affects the thymine nitrogenous base regions and forms pyrimidine dimers. The structure of the DNA changes on all the sites where dimers form and hence, they cannot be properly transcribed.
DNA is the genetic material, that carries the information about organisms. The damage to the DNA is done maximum with the UV light below 320 nm wavelength.
DNA molecules consist of the bases adjoined by the phosphate diester bond and carrier the information for the formation of enzymes, proteins, and life activities.
The damage to the DNA results in the alteration of the nucleotide sequence and thereby functioning of the body.
The damage to DNA is caused by high-intensity ultraviolet radiation. The energy of the radiations is higher at lower wavelengths.
Thus, damage to DNA is caused by UV radiations with a wavelength lower than 320 nm. Thus, option B is correct.
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