1) The momentum of the object is 1000 kg m/s
2) The force exerted on the wall is 20,000 N
Explanation:
1)
The momentum of an object is defined as
[tex]p=mv[/tex]
where
m is the mass of the object
v is its velocity
For the object in this problem, we have
m = 50 kg is its mass
v = 20 m/s is the velocity
Substutiting, we find the momentum
[tex]p=(50)(20)=1000 kg m/s[/tex]
2)
For this part of the problem, we can use the impulse theorem, which states that the impulse exerted on an object (the product between force and time of collision) is equal to the change in momentum of the object:
[tex]Ft = m \Delta v[/tex]
where
F is the force on the object
t is the duration of the collision
m is the mass
[tex]\Delta v[/tex] is the change in velocity of the object
Here we have:
m = 5000 kg
[tex]\Delta v = -40 m/s[/tex] (the car decelerates from 40 m/s to a stop)
t = 10 s
Solving, we find the force exerted on the car:
[tex]F=\frac{m\Delta v}{t}=\frac{(5000)(-40)}{10}=-20,000 N[/tex]
where the negative sign means the direction of the force is opposite to that of motion of the car. However, here we are asked to find the force exerted by the car on the wall: according to Newton's third law, that force will be equal and opposite to the force exerted by the wall on the car, so
F = 20,000 N
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