The Vietnamese used guerrilla tactics against the French because it was the most efficient way for them to win over a superior army.
Explanation:
Vietnam was part of French Indochina, thus part of the French colonies. The Vietnamese didn't wanted to be ruled by the French though, and they started to rebel. This was largely happening in the northern half of Vietnam, and in smaller part in the southern part, while the majority of the southern half was allied with the French.
The French had superior military and superior weapons, and the Vietnamese were very well aware of that. Considering the rough terrain of Vietnam and dense tropical forests, the Vietnamese decided to engage into a guerrilla warfare. This was giving advantage for the Vietnamese, as they knew the terrain excellently, moved quickly through it, and they were able to retreat and quickly shelter. The French were too slow and sloppy in this kind of conditions, so the Vietnamese managed to have big success.
Other countries in the region that were under French control were:
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