Suppose society consists of four individuals: Andy, Bill, Carl, and David. Andy has $20,000 of income, Bill has $40,000 of income, Carl has $60,000 of income, and David has $80,000 of income. A utilitarian would argue that.
Taking $1 from Carl and giving it to Andy would increase society's total utility.
Explanation:
Since Andy's income is less than other three people when a $1 taken from Carl would increase Andy's utility more than the loss in utility of Carl. Thats why total utility would increase.
