Answer:
Explanation:
This is an example of a Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
Since no organic halide is provided, we'll use an example of how benzene reacts with chloroethane, for instance.
Benzene is not reactive, therefore, we require a catalyst for such a reaction, typically either aluminum chloride or iron(III) chloride. It provides a pathway to add an alkyl chain to the benzene ring by removing the halogen present in the R-Cl molecule.
The mechanism is summarized by:
- a catalyst (aluminum chloride or iron(III) chloride is required);
- benzene is a reagent;
- alkyl chloride is another reagent;
- chlorine is removed from the alkyl chain and the latter substitutes one hydrogen of the benzene ring.
This is a so-called electrophilic substitution mechanism. To illustrate it with my example, I'm providing an image below.
