Answer:
It is Planning
Explanation:
Planning involves deciding beforehand, what is to be done, when is it to be done, how it is to be done and who is going to do it.
It is a fundamental management function that lays down organizational objectives (i.e short-term, medium-term and long-term) and develop different courses of actions by which those objectives can be achieved.
Depending on the organizational approach to planning, sometimes a bottom-up or top-down approach is used in the planning processes.
The essence of planning cannot be overemphasized; it helps to improve future performance by having a clear written-out objectives, it helps to minimize future risk and uncertainty and it helps to uncover future opportunities and threats.
