Cecilia has a known severe allergic reaction to bee stings. While at a family picnic, a bee stung Cecilia on her right upper extremity. Her husband immediately administered EpiPen injection, while others called for assistance. Cecilia is transported to the emergency department via ambulance. She presents with severe dyspnea, laryngeal swelling, and hypotension.1.Cecilia is experiencing ______

a.scleroderma
b.Sjören’s syndrome
c.systemic anaphylaxis
d.systemic lupus erythematosus
e.type 1 hypersensitivity
f.type II hypersensitivity
g.type III hypersensitivity
h.type IV hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction that is potentially mortal and that occurs because of the exposure of a person to an allergen, a chemical substance that causes the allergic reaction. In the exposed case, produced by a bee sting, but there might be different causes.

After being exposed for the first time to the chemical substance, the immune system becomes sensitive to it. So when the person exposes for a second time to the allergen, the body suffers an allergic reaction. Anaphylaxis occurs instantaneously after exposure, it is dangerous and compromits the whole body.

Anaphylaxis is characterized by its rapid instauration and the multisystemic manifestations.

There are different types of reactions to the allergen.

Local reactions: The affected area is the one exposed to the allergen

Systemic Reactions: There are different target organs. Respiratory tract, digestive tract, cardiovascular system, and skin. These might be:

- mild systemic reactions: fever sensation, nasal congestion, pruritus, ocular conjunctive.

- moderate systemic reactions: Same symptoms above and broncospasm, dyspnea, cough, angioedema, generalized urticaria, dysphagia, nausea, vomits.

- grave systemic reactions. These are the same symptoms above, plus respiratory tract inflamation, hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmia, shock. It occurs abruptly, progress in a matter of minutes and it is very intense.