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In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, the alpha particles that traveled through the gold foil hit the screen behind it in more than one spot. Explain the significance of this finding and the discovery it led to.

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skyluke89

Answer:

In the gold foil experiment, Rutherford fired alpha particles (which are nuclei of helium) at a thing gold foil, and then he observed the angular distribution of the scattered alpha particles beyond the foil.

He made the following observations:

  1. Most of the alpha particles passed through the foil mostly undeflected
  2. Some of the alpha particles were instead deflected at very large angles
  3. A few of the alpha particles were even reflected back to the original direction

According to these observations, he made the following conclusions:

  1. The vast majority of the space in an atom is empty, as most of the the alpha particles pass undeflected
  2. The atoms have a central nucleus containing a large positive charge, to explain the large deflections of some alpha particles
  3. The nucleus of the atom is very  tiny and contains most of the mass of the atom, to explain the alpha particles reflected back

This experiment therefore contribute to improve the model of the atom: the previous model was the Thomson model (plum-pudding model), but the experiment proved that this was not the right model, and the experiment lead to a new model, in which the atom is believed to consists of a tiny, positive nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons orbiting around the nucleus at a very large distance from it.

gisellegendelman

Answer:

In the gold foil test, Rutherford fired alpha debris (which might be nuclei of helium) at a issue gold foil, after which he located the angular distribution of the scattered alpha debris past the foil.

He made the subsequent observations:

Most of the alpha debris exceeded thru the foil typically undeflected

Some of the alpha debris have been as a substitute deflected at very massive angles

A few of the alpha debris have been even meditated lower back to the unique direction

According to those observations, he made the subsequent conclusions:

The widespread majority of the gap in an atom is empty, as maximum of the the alpha debris byskip undeflected

The atoms have a principal nucleus containing a massive fine charge, to give an explanation for the massive deflections of a few alpha debris

The nucleus of the atom may be very

tiny and consists of maximum of the mass of the atom, to give an explanation for the alpha debris meditated lower back

This test consequently make a contribution to enhance the version of the atom: the preceding version turned into the Thomson version (plum-pudding version), however the test proved that this turned into now no longer the proper version, and the test result in a brand new version, wherein the atom is assumed to includes a tiny, fine nucleus surrounded through negatively charged electrons orbiting across the nucleus at a totally massive distance

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