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The formation of metamorphic rocks takes place when either sedimentary or igneous rocks are subjected to immense pressure and heat.
Further Explanation:
Rocks are found on earth as metamorphic, sedimentary, and igneous. The name is based on how these rocks are formed. The shells, sand particles, and pebbles form the sedimentary rocks. These particles are called sediments and their accumulation into layers results in the formation of rocks as they gradually harden over time. The igneous rocks are formed as a result of cooling followed by hardening of magma under the Earth's surface. The metamorphic rocks are formed due to metamorphosis which takes place below the surface of the Earth as a result of application of heat and pressure.
The change of one rock type into another over a period of time is termed as metamorphosis or rock cycle. The increase in pressure and heat due to stress can change a solid rock into a new type of rock. The temperature increases because of the deeper buried layers of sediments below the Earth's surface. As the layers descend the temperature increases gradually for every proceeding kilometer. The temperature becomes even hotter as the layer turns deeper. As the weight of every subsequent layer increases, it also increases the pressure which in turn causes a further increase in temperature.
Metamorphism can occur in two ways:
1. The rocks come in contact with each other as the plates slide over one another producing a shearing effect. This causes the descending rocks to change.
2. The descending rocks might also melt due to friction. The melted is considered as the igneous rock but the rock adjacent to it might become a metamorphic rock due to the production of heat.
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Answer Details:
Grade: Higher secondary
Subject: Biology
Chapter: The Rock Cycle
Keywords:
Rock cycle, types of rock, sedimentary rock, igneous rock, metamorphic rock, magma, Earth’s surface, metamorphosis.
