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Explanation:

A disk block works by transferring data between the disk and main memory units which are called the blocks, whose size can range drastically from 512 bytes to several thousand.  This data is converted to hardware-level cylinder, surface, and sector number  which makes accessing the data immensely slower than accessing data in the main memory. This time constraint is also the main reason as to why accessing a disk block is so expensive.

In computer science, the largest amount of disk space that can be allocated to a file is called Disk Block. The Disk Block contains the most amount of data that can be processed or accessed during an Input/Output operation.

Accessing a disk block is expensive because the data must first be arranged in a particular order before it is stored in blocks on the disk. This is called blocking.  

A less expensive way of going about this is to retrieve data from the primary (or main) memory.

Learn more about Disk Blocks in the link below:

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