Option b is the correct answer to how nations competed for power in the period before the first world war.
Before World War I, European nations strove for supremacy via
i) Imperialism
Some European nations obtained control of new areas in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Colonies would offer raw resources for the expanding businesses, as well as a market to sell their finished goods.
ii) Once their industries were solid, they would strengthen their militaries by increasing the size of the nation's military forces in order to improve the nation's status and might in the globe.
iii) Alliance Formation
European nations created alliances with other countries to preserve their interests in written treaties, promising to come to each other's aid if one of their countries was attacked.
iv) Nationalism
This is the belief that one's country should take a more prominent position in the globe.
For more information about European nations, refer below
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