Simple diffusion is the free pass of small, non polar molecules through the lipid bilayer.The scientist needs to use small, nonpolar solutes instead of a protein.
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Different types of transports occur through the membrane. Among them, we can find simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
The simple diffusion process allows the passage of only non polar, small molecules. They can freely move through the membrane by momentary openings produced by the lipids' movements.
Simple diffusion is a slow process that requires short distances and pronounced concentration gradients to be efficient. It depends on the molecules' sizes and their concentration on each side of the membrane.
Since proteins (represented as red squares in the attached image) are macromolecules, they can not cross the membrane without carrier or channel proteins.
The scientist should use a small, nonpolar solute (green circles in the attached image) instead of a protein. The diffusion direction will occur from the side where the scientist put the solute to the other side.
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