The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.[1][2] The cell membrane isselectively permeable to ions and organic moleculesand controls the movement of substances in and out of cells.[3] The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings.
It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embeddedproteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, glycocalyx, and intracellularcytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.[4][5][6]
