Answer:
C. student viewed the ruler from a different angle
Explanation:
It is the problem of viewing the scale from different sides or angles. If we assume the actual length of the stick to be 22 cm. Then the first student measured the length by reading the values from 1 cm towards 22 cm on the scale. While, the second student measured the length of the stick by reading the values from the other side or the other angle of the scale, that is, from 30 cm mark towards 1 cm. And in that case the the length of the 22 cm long stick will appear as:
30 cm - 22 cm = 8 cm
Therefore, the second student read 8 cm on scale. So, the correct option is:
C. student viewed the ruler from a different angle