Acceleration produced in the motion of a body under the effect of gravity is called acceleration due to gravity.
It is a vector quantity and it's SI unit is m/s².
It is usually denoted by the symbol g.
Formula of Acceleration due to Gravity:
[tex] \boxed{ \bf{g = \dfrac{GM}{r^2}}}[/tex]
G → Universal Gravitational Constant [tex] \sf (6.67 \times 10^{-11} \ Nm^2/kg^2) [/tex]
M → Mass of the Asteroid (1 × 10⁴ kg)
R → Radius of the Asteroid (20 m)
By substituting values in the equation, we get:
[tex] \rm \longrightarrow g = \dfrac{6.67 \times {10}^{ - 11} \times 1 \times {10}^{4} }{20^2} \\ \\ \rm \longrightarrow g = \dfrac{6.67 \times {10}^{ - 11 + 4} }{400} \\ \\ \rm \longrightarrow g = 0.016675 \times {10}^{ - 7} \\ \\ \rm \longrightarrow g = 1.6675 \times {10}^{ -9} \: m {s}^{ - 1} [/tex]
[tex] \therefore [/tex] Acceleration due to gravity on the surface of small asteroid named ‘B612’ = [tex] \sf 1.6675 \times 10^{-9} \ m/s [/tex]
