Answer:
- A mutation is a change in DNA that may result in a malformed protein
- A silent mutation occurs when a nitrogen base in DNA changes, but the associated amino acid remains the same
- In a missense mutation a DNA base is changed which results in a different amino acid
- A frameshift mutation results when an amino acid is inserted or deleted causing the entire sequence that follows to be different.
Explanation:
DNA, a nucleic acid used to store genetic information, is made up of nucleotides or bases. These pair up as base pairs to make the DNA double helix. During the cell division process, random changes inside the genome can occur.
These mutations cause errors in DNA produced within the cell; and they may involve small single nucleotide polymorphisms where single nucleotides are changed and large-scale additions or deletions involving several genes.
