The romans geography provided many helpful things. They were located surrounding the mediterranean sea, which allowed them to pretty much control all of the trade at the time. They also had the Alps and Apennines protecting them from outside forces. The rivers (Po and Tiber) allowed them to have fertile soil, which is great for food production to feed soldiers, etc.
Some disadvantages were that although the mountains protected them, it made it quite difficult to travel around and expand, the rivers also had a downside, they were prone to flooding.
I hope this helps!!
