Answer:
How do cells monitor DNA integrity?Cells monitor DNA integrity through check point processes that monitor the structure of the DNA as the cell cycle progresses.What went wrong with Henrietta Lacks’s cells?Henrietta’s cervical cells were infected with human papilloma virus, which mutated the DNA and made the cells cancerous.How does infection with human papillomavirus increase the risk of cervical cancer?Infection from human papilloma virus mutates the DNA of the cervical cells. Mutated cells increase the risk of those cells becoming cancerous.Philadelphia Karyotype. How do cells monitor DNA integrity?Cells monitor DNA integrity through check point processes that monitor the structure of the DNA as the cell cycle progresses.How are the chromosomes different in the cancer cells compared to normal cells?Chromosomes in cancer cells differ from those in normal cells because they usually have a larger
Chromosomes of cancer cells are often damaged mutated or missing parts, thus making them different from normal cells.How could these lead to different types of cancers?This can lead to different types of cancer, because when the genes replicate and cross over, the mutated genes are transferring. This can lead to ill functioning cells that lead to cancer.Essays Some types of cancer result from changes to individual genes, whereas others result from chromosome-level changes to the genome. Which of these types of cancer would you be able to detect by karyotype and why? Both would able to be detected by a karyotype.Because genes are on the chromosomes, when the individual genes are changed, it alters the appearance of the chromosome, which can be detected by a karyotype.When looking at the genome, one can see all the chromosomes making up the organism. If there was an alteration with the chromosomes, the karyotype would detect it. Karyotypes can be used to identify mutations in different forms of cancer, as you have seen in the HeLa and Philadelphia karyotypes. However, they are also useful in detecting other genetic abnormalities, such as Down syndrome. What would a karyotype of an individual with Down Syndrome look like, and what
would that provide to a geneticist? A karyotype for an individual with down syndrome would have an extra copy of a chromosome. This would help geneticists can view the abnormalities in the chromosomes, and help find out how that abnormality was caused.
Explanation:
A chromosome consists of mostly DNA and proteins with a small amount of RNA.
