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BioMed/Biology

If you have a strand of DNA with 11 base pairs, how many nitrogenous pairs are in the strand?

If you have a strand of DNA with 5 base pairs, how many deoxyribose sugar molecules are in the strand?

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Answer:

taI think the first is 44, because there are 4 dna strands. The phosphate group of one nucleotide bonds covalently with the sugar molecule of the next nucleotide, and so on, forming a long polymer of nucleotide monomers. The sugar–phosphate groups line up in a “backbone” for each single strand of DNA, and the nucleotide bases stick out from this backbone. The carbon atoms of the five-carbon sugar are numbered clockwise from the oxygen as 1′, 2′, 3′, 4′, and 5′ (1′ is read as “one prime”). The phosphate group is attached to the 5′ carbon of one nucleotide and the 3′ carbon of the next nucleotide. In its natural state, each DNA molecule is actually composed of two single strands held together along their length with hydrogen bonds between the bases.

Watson and Crick proposed that the DNA is made up of two strands that are twisted around each other to form a right-handed helix, called a double helix. Base-pairing takes place between a purine and pyrimidine: namely, A pairs with T, and G pairs with C. In other words, adenine and thymine are complementary base pairs, and cytosine and guanine are also complementary base pairs. This is the basis for Chargaff’s rule; because of their complementarity, there is as much adenine as thymine in a DNA molecule and as much guanine as cytosine. Adenine and thymine are connected by two hydrogen bonds, and cytosine and guanine are connected by three hydrogen bonds. The two strands are anti-parallel in nature; that is, one strand will have the 3′ carbon of the sugar in the “upward” position, whereas the other strand will have the 5′ carbon in the upward position. The diameter of the DNA double helix is uniform throughout because a purine (two rings) always pairs with a pyrimidine (one ring) and their combined lengths are always equal.

Explanation:

marianaegarciaperedo

Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of a pentose -sugar-, a phosphate group, and a base. Bases form pairs. 11 base pairs have 11 nitrogenous pairs. 5 base pairs have 10 sugar molecules.

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Nucleic acids are linear polymers composed of nucleotides joined by their extremes.

Nucleotides are monomers composed of a sugar molecule, joined with a phosphate group and a nitrogenated base.

Nitrogenated Bases

  • DNA bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
  • RNA bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil
  • Adenine pairs with thymine or uracil, while guanine pairs with cytosine.

Sugar group:  

  • DNA sugar group contains deoxyribose, with hydroxyl modifications.
  • RNA sugar group contains ribose with no hydroxyl modifications.
  • Sugar is always a pentose.

In the attached files, you will find an image of a nucleotide. So you can see that per nucleotide, there is only one nitrogenated base, one phosphate group, and one sugar.

According to the statement,

  • If one strand is composed of 11 pairs of bases, it means it has 11 nitrogenous pairs. Remember that one nitrogenous pair is composed of one pair of bases -two bases-.

  • If one strand is composed of 5 base pairs, it means it has 10 deoxyribose sugar molecules -one sugar per nucleotide-. Remember that the nucleotide is composed of one base, one sugar, one phosphate. If there are 5 base pairs, then there are 10 bases. If there are ten bases, there are also ten pentoses.

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