Use pemdas.
1. 3 * 4 = 12. Or x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x = x^12
Explaination: when there are parentheses followed by a multiplier, you must multiply everything within the parentheses. Since the multiplier in this case is an exponent, simply multiply the 2 exponents together and move the base to the other aide of the equal sign.
2. 4 * 2 = 8.
Explaination: Same as above. Since x and y are unlike terms, you cant simplify this equation any further.
Good luck I hope this helps! If you have any further questions let me know!
