Which of the following is an example of an Atmosphere-Lithosphere interaction in the Earth system?

1. Ash from a forest fire is carried by the wind to a forest where it lands and causes the pH of the soil to increase.

2. Strong winds knock down branches of a tree, destroying the nest of a pair of birds.

3. A divergent boundary in the Earth’s oceans shifts, allowing magma to flow onto the ocean floor, warming the water around it.

4. A thunderstorm returns large amounts of precipitation to the oceans on the Earth.