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An engine causes a car to move 10 meters with a force of 100 N. The engine produces 10,000 J of energy. What is the efficiency of this engine.

A substance is heated with 1000 J and does 700 J of work on the atmosphere. What is the change in internal energy of the substance?

The work done by a piston is measured to be 1000 J. If the pressure is a constant 1000 Pa, what is the change in volume of the piston?
Is the process described in #10 isovolumetric? Explain.

Respuesta :

Answer:

Part A

The efficiency of the engine is 10%

Part B

The change in internal energy is 300 J

Part C

The change in volume is 1 mĀ³ which is one cubic meter

Explanation:

Part A

Efficiency is defined as the ratio of energy output to energy input;

The given parameters are;

The distance the car is moved, d = 10 meters

The force which moves the car, F = 100 N

The amount of energy produced by the engine = 1,000 J

Therefore, we have;

The energy output to the car = The work done on the car = Force applied to the car, F Ɨ The distance the car moves, d;

āˆ“ The energy output to the car by the engine = F Ɨ d = 100 N Ɨ 10 m = 1,000 J

The energy input from the engine = The energy produced by the engine = 10,000 J

The efficiency of the engine = (The energy output)/(The energy input)= 1,000J/10,00J = 0.1

The efficiency in percentage = 0.1 Ɨ 100 = 10 %

The efficiency of the engine = 10%

Part B

The amount of heat added to the substance, Ī”Q = 1,000J

The amount of work the substance does on the atmosphere, W = 700 J

The change in internal energy, Ī”U is given as follows;

Ī”Q = W + Ī”U

āˆ“ Ī”U = Ī”Q - W

For the substance, we have;

The change in internal energy, Ī”U = 1,000 J - 700 J = 300 J

Part C

The work done by the piston, W = 1,000 J

The pressure, in the piston, P = 1,000 Pa = constant

The work done by the piston in a constant pressure process, W = P Ɨ Ī”V

Where;

W = The work done

P = The constant pressure applied

Ī”V = The change in volume = Vā‚‚ - Vā‚

Vā‚‚ = The final volume

Vā‚ = The initial volume

āˆ“The change in volume Ī”V = W/P = 1,000 J/(1,000Pa) = 1 mĀ³

The change in volume Ī”V = 1 mĀ³

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