During translation, tRNA adds the correct amino acid to the growing protein, following the mRNA codon sequence. Tryptophan, Lysine, Leucine, Tyrosine.
What is translation?
Translation is the stage in protein synthesis that follows transcription, and occurs in the cytoplasm.
When mRNA leaves the nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm, it meets a free ribosome that is the primary structure for protein synthesis. Ribosomes are composed of two subunits of rRNA associated with different tRNA that carries amino acids.
The ribosome reads mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction, and, according to the codons that are being readen in mRNA, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain.
Let us remember that the codon is the sequence of three nucleotides present in mRNA. The molecule carriesa a start codon and stop codons.
Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them is the antidocon that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule. The other site couples with the coded amino acid.
The protein is synthesized from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus.
In the example,
DNA mRNA tRNA Amino Acid
ACC UGG ACC Tryptophan
TTC AAG UUC Lysine
GAT CUA GAU Leucine
ATA UAU AUA Tyrosine
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