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- Electrons always fill orbitals in the same order. Each s orbital holds 2 electrons, each set of p orbitals holds 6 electrons, each set of d orbitals holds 10 electrons, and each set of f orbitals holds 14 electrons. The order in which orbitals are filled, from first to last, is:

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d 7p

Beryllium has 4 electrons. What is the electron configuration of beryllium?

A.
2s^22p^2
B.
1s^22s^2
C.
2s^4
D.
4p^1

Respuesta :

jacob193

Answer:

[tex]1s^2\, 2s^2[/tex].

Explanation:

Electron orbitals in an atom (e.g., [tex]1s[/tex]) are denoted with:

  • A number, denoting the shell (principal energy level) of this orbital, and
  • A letter, denoting the shape of this orbital ([tex]s[/tex], [tex]p[/tex], [tex]d[/tex], etc.)

There are two aspects to consider when finding the electron configuration of an atom:

  • The number of electrons that each type of orbitals could hold, and
  • The order in which the orbitals are filled.

The [tex]s[/tex] orbital in each shell could hold up to [tex]2 \times 1 = 2[/tex] electrons (one [tex]s\![/tex] orbital per shell, with up to two electrons.)

The [tex]p[/tex] orbitals in each shell could hold up to [tex]2 \times 3 = 6[/tex] electrons (three [tex]p\![/tex] orbitals per shell, with up to two electrons in each orbital.)

The [tex]d[/tex] orbitals in each main shell could hold up to [tex]2 \times 5 = 10[/tex] electrons (five [tex]d\![/tex] orbitals per shell, with up to two electrons in each orbital.)

Refer to the order in which the orbitals are filled (Aufbau principle.)

  • The first orbital to be filled would be [tex]1s[/tex] (the [tex]s[/tex] orbital of the first shell,) accommodating up to [tex]2[/tex] electrons.
  • The second orbital to be filled would be [tex]2s[/tex] (the [tex]s[/tex] orbital of the second shell,) accommodating up to [tex]2[/tex] electrons.

All four electrons of Beryllium are thus assigned to the [tex]1s[/tex] and [tex]2s[/tex] orbitals. In a ground-state Beryllium atom, orbitals [tex]2p[/tex] and beyond would contain no electrons.

Notation:

  • Two electrons in the [tex]1s[/tex] orbital: [tex]1s^{2}[/tex] (the superscript denotes the number of electrons in this orbital (or group of orbitals).)
  • Two electrons in the [tex]2s[/tex] orbital: [tex]2s^2[/tex].

Write the non-empty orbitals in the order by which they are filled:

[tex]1s^2\, 2s^2[/tex].

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