A substance conducts electricity because of free moving, charged particles.
what are the free moving charged particles in a :
carbon electrode(made of graphite)
molten mixture of aluminum oxide and cryolite
metal wire?

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Answer:

carbon electrode: delocalised electrons

molten mixture....: aluminium oxide ions

metal wire: Metal atoms

The free moving charged particles in the following substances are as follows;

  • carbon electrode(made of graphite); Delocalized electrons.

  • molten mixture of aluminum oxide and cryolite;. Aluminium ions in Aluminium oxide.

  • Metal wire; Metal ions

Graphite, an allotrope of carbon has Delocalized (free-moving) electrons and these electrons serve to enable conductivity.

Although, cryolite is a bad conductor of electricity, when Molten Aluminium oxide and cryolite is used, the free moving Aluminium ions enable conductivity.

In metal wires, conductivity is solely the responsibility of metal ions.

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