On the basis of Rutherford's experimental observations, which of the following statements predicts the
structure of the atom?
Check all that apply.
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In an atom, all of the positive and negative charges are randomly distributed.
In an atom, negatively charged electrons are small particles held within a positively charged
sphere.
In an atom, negatively charged electrons are dispersed in the space surrounding the positively
charged nucleus of an atom.
In an atom, most of the mass and the positive charge are located in a small core within the
atom called the nucleus.

After Rutherford did the alpha particle scattering experiment, he realised that most of the atom must be empty space, and the positive charge needed to be concentrated in the middle of the atom (in the nucleus).

This was because most of the alpha particles went straight through the gold sheet but some were deflected to the side or straight back.

This led to the nuclear model, where Rutherford concluded that most of the mass and all of the positive charge was concentrated in the middle of the atom in the nucleus, and the electrons existed in a sort of negatively charged cloud around the nucleus.

hope this makes sense!