The Byzantine empire deviated from the Roman empire in that a. the Emperor had authority over the Church
Under the Roman Empire, the head of the Church was the Bishop of Rome and they had significant power after Constantine the Great became emperor.
This changed in the Byzantine empires the head of the Church was the Byzantine emperor and this was cemented with the East-West Schism of 1054.
The other options are wrong because:
In conclusion, the Roman empire and the Byzantine empire deviated when it came to who headed the Church.
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