Let's eliminate some options.
Option A: quadruple bonds will most likely not occur between two carbon atoms. so option A is out.
Option B: One double bond with oxygen and two single bonds with hydrogen atoms will give all atoms the "noble gas" or "octet" configuration they desire. Option B is true.
Option C: Carbon is most likely not large enough to have more than eight valence electrons (hypervalent), so option C is out.
Option D: One carbon only has four valence electrons to donate, so the same problem exists as in option C, and the carbon atom will not achieve hypervalence. Option D is out.
Therefore, option B is correct.
