Population changes affect places of economy, culture, and politics because more people mean more opinions, and fewer people mean fewer opinions. If there is a drastic change in population, the economy, culture, and politics would be affected in a good or bad way. For example, if there was a significant increase in the population, there is a good chance that there would be more people practicing one culture or more types of cultures introduced to the area
I just mainly focused on culture. Hope this gives you some ideas and most importantly, hop this helps:D