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ecant and Tangent of a Circle
Imagine you are working with a construction crew. A road already exists through a forest that goes over a circular lake. You want to build another road through a forest that connects to this road, but does not go through the lake.
sectanprod1
As it turns out, the road you will be building and the road it will connect to both represent characteristics of a circle that have their own name. The road/bridge that already exists is called a secant of the circular lake, and the road you're going to build is called the tangent of the circular lake.
In general, a secant of a circle is a line that passes through any two points on the edge the circle, and a tangent of a circle is a line that just touches one point on the edge of the circle. Notice how the road that already exists intersects the circular lake at two points along its shoreline (the start and end of the bridge portion of the road), and the road you will be building just touches the circular lake at one point.
Based on this, we call the road that already exists a secant segment of the circular lake, and we call the road you will be building a tangent segment of the circular lake. Furthermore, we call the portion of the road that already exists that is outside of the lake the external secant segment.
sectanprod2
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Secant Tangent Product Theorem
Now for your conundrum: you need to know how long the road you're constructing will be in order to know how many supplies you will need. However, you can't measure it, because it is through a forest, so there are trees and such in the way.
You are able to measure the road that already exists, and you find that the bridge portion of the road is 5 kilometers, and the portion of the road from the bridge to where the new road will be is 4 kilometers.
sectanprod3
Oh boy, how are we going to find the distance of this road? Never fear! Math is here! Thankfully, in mathematics, we have a theorem called the Secant-tangent product theorem, which states that for any secant segment and tangent segment of a circle that meet at a common endpoint outside of the circle, it must be the case that
(Length of the whole secant segment)(Length of the external secant segment) = (Length of the tangent segment)2
That is, the product of the length of the whole secant segment and the length of the external segment is equal to the length of the tangent segment squared.
sectanprod4
This is awesome! We can use this
A scenario where the knowledge of tangents, secants, and chords can be used is in the construction of a road over a circular lake.
What is a Tangent?
This refers to the straight line that touches a curve and can be described as very close points on a curve.
Hence, we can see that with the knowledge of tangents and secants and chords, for a construction worker that is working on a road that oversees a circular lake and the degrees and angles would need to be used and calculated.
Read more about tangents here:
https://brainly.com/question/16507124
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