Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer to this involves the relation between time, speed, and distance, as well as a couple of conversion factors.
_____
Using the above conversion factors with Jordan's time and speed, we can find the distance Jordan traveled to be ...
 distance = speed × time
 distance = (16 km/h) × (40 min) = (16×1000 m)/(60 min) × (40 min)
 distance = 32000/3 m = 10,666 2/3 m
Using Sarah's time and speed, we find Sarah's distance to be ...
 distance = (3 8/9 m/s) × (40 min) × (60 s)/(1 min) = (3 8/9)(2400) m
 distance = 9333 1/3 m
__
The difference between Jordan's distance and Sarah's is ...
 10,666 2/3 m -9,333 1/3 m = 1,333 1/3 m
Jordan cycled 1,333 1/3 meters farther than Sarah, about 1.33 km.
__
The two went in opposite directions, so their separation is the sum of the distances they traveled.
 10,666 2/3 m +9,333 1/3 m = 20,000 m = 20 km
The two cyclists were 20 km apart at the end of 40 minutes.